A structured approach to navigating disagreements constructively
Purpose & Guidelines
This script is designed to help: Couples and individuals learn healthy conflict resolution skills, de-escalate tense situations, and communicate needs effectively during disagreements.
When to use: During calm moments to prepare for future conflicts, or as a guide during actual disagreements when both parties are willing to engage constructively.
Important: This is not appropriate for situations involving abuse, threats, or when safety is a concern. If you feel unsafe, please prioritize your safety and seek professional help.
Phase 1: Preparation & De-escalation
Setting the foundation for productive conversation
1
Check Your State
Before engaging, assess if you're in a calm enough state to have a productive conversation.
Internal Check:
"Am I feeling too angry, hurt, or overwhelmed to listen right now? Do I need some time to calm down first?"
If you need time:
"I can see this is important to both of us, and I want to give it the attention it deserves. I need about [specific time] to collect my thoughts so I can really hear you. Can we talk about this at [specific time]?"
Red Flags - Don't Proceed If:
Either person is under the influence, extremely angry, threatening, or if the conversation feels unsafe in any way.
2
Set the Container
Establish ground rules and a safe space for the conversation.
Initiating the conversation:
"I'd like to talk about [specific situation/issue]. This is important to me, and I want us to work through it together. Are you available to talk about this now, or would you prefer to set a time when we can both focus on it?"
Setting ground rules:
"Before we start, can we agree to listen to each other without interrupting, avoid bringing up past issues, and take breaks if either of us gets too overwhelmed?"
Ground Rules to Establish:
No name-calling, insults, or character attacks
Stay focused on the current issue
No "always" or "never" statements
Either person can call for a break if needed
Phones/distractions put away
Goal is understanding, not winning
Phase 2: Understanding & Expression
Sharing perspectives and listening deeply
3
Express Your Perspective
Share your experience using "I" statements and focusing on specific behaviors and feelings.
Formula: I feel [emotion] when [specific behavior] because [impact on you]
"I feel [hurt/frustrated/confused] when [specific thing that happened] because [how it affected you]. What I need is [specific request]."
Good Example:
"I felt dismissed when you looked at your phone while I was telling you about my day because it made me feel like what I was sharing wasn't important to you. What I need is your attention when I'm sharing something significant."
Avoid This:
"You never listen to me! You're always on your phone. You don't care about anything I say."
Tips for Expressing Yourself:
Use "I" statements instead of "You" accusations
Be specific about behaviors, not character
Share the impact, not your interpretation of their intent
Ask for what you need, not what you don't want
Keep it about this specific situation
4
Listen to Understand
Give your partner space to share their perspective without defending or explaining.
Inviting their perspective:
"I've shared how I experienced this situation. I'd really like to understand your perspective. How did you experience what happened?"
While listening:
Focus on understanding their experience, not preparing your rebuttal. Listen for their feelings and needs underneath their words.
Reflecting back:
"What I'm hearing is that you felt [their emotion] because [their reason]. Is that right? Help me understand..."
Active Listening Skills:
Put away distractions and make eye contact
Don't interrupt or finish their sentences
Ask clarifying questions: "Can you help me understand..."
Reflect back what you heard before responding
Validate their feelings, even if you disagree with their perspective
Look for the valid points in what they're saying
5
Validate & Acknowledge
Show that you understand their experience, even if you disagree with their interpretation.
Validation examples:
"I can understand why you felt [their emotion] when that happened."
"That makes sense that you would react that way."
"I didn't realize my actions had that impact on you."
"Your feelings about this are completely valid."
Taking responsibility:
"I can see how my [specific action] contributed to this situation. I didn't intend for you to feel [their feeling], but I understand that my actions had that impact."
Avoid These Validation Killers:
"You're being too sensitive" • "That's not what I meant" • "You're overreacting" • "You always..." • "But you did..." • "I was just..."
Phase 3: Problem-Solving & Resolution
Working together toward solutions
6
Identify Common Ground
Find shared values, goals, or concerns that you both care about.
Finding shared values:
"It sounds like we both want [shared goal/value]. We both care about [common concern]. What matters to both of us is [shared priority]."
Example:
"It sounds like we both want to feel heard and valued in our relationship. We both care about spending quality time together. What matters to both of us is feeling connected."
Reframing the problem:
"So our challenge isn't that one of us is wrong - it's figuring out how we can both [shared goal] while addressing both of our needs."
7
Brainstorm Solutions
Work together to generate options that could meet both of your needs.
Collaborative problem-solving:
"What are some ways we could handle this differently in the future? Let's think of some options that could work for both of us."
Building on ideas:
"That's a good idea. What if we also..." • "I like that approach. Could we modify it to..." • "Another option might be..."
Effective Brainstorming:
Generate multiple options before evaluating any
Build on each other's ideas
Consider creative or unconventional solutions
Think about what would work for both of you
Consider trial periods for new approaches
8
Make Agreements
Choose specific, actionable steps you'll both take moving forward.
Making commitments:
"Going forward, I will [specific action]. Can you commit to [specific action]?"
Confirming agreements:
"So we've agreed that I'll [your commitment] and you'll [their commitment]. Should we check in about how this is working in [timeframe]?"
Good Agreement Example:
"Going forward, I will put my phone in another room when you want to share about your day. You'll let me know when you want that focused attention by saying 'I'd like to share something important with you.'"
Making Effective Agreements:
Be specific about who does what and when
Make sure both people are committing to something
Choose realistic, achievable actions
Set a time to check in on progress
Write down complex agreements
9
Repair & Reconnect
Acknowledge any hurt caused and rebuild emotional connection.
Apologizing effectively:
"I'm sorry that my [specific action] caused you to feel [their feeling]. That wasn't my intention, but I understand that's the impact it had."
Expressing appreciation:
"Thank you for being willing to work through this with me. I appreciate you sharing your perspective and helping us find a solution."
Reconnecting:
"Is there anything else you need from me right now to feel good about where we've landed? What would help you feel connected to me right now?"
Elements of a Good Apology:
Acknowledge your specific actions
Take responsibility without excuses
Express understanding of their impact
Commit to different behavior
Ask what they need to move forward
When This Script Isn't Appropriate
Do not use this approach if:
There is any threat of violence or abuse
One person is under the influence of substances
Either person is in an extreme emotional state
There's a pattern of manipulation or emotional abuse
You feel unsafe expressing your needs
If you're in an abusive relationship:
National Domestic Violence Hotline
1-800-799-7233
For professional relationship support: Consider couples therapy with a licensed therapist trained in evidence-based approaches like Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) or Gottman Method.